C: Selection

Selection, in programming, is a method of specifying conditions in which statements are executed.


- If
Used as:
if(boolean expression)
{
statement;
}

The statement will be run only if the boolean expression results in true.


- If... else...
Used as:
if(boolean expression)
{
statement;
}
else
{
statement2;
}

The first statement will be run if its boolean expression results in true. If it results in false, statement2 will be run instead.


- Nested if
Used as:
if(boolean expression)
{
if(boolean expression)
{
statement;
}
}

The statement will be run only if every boolean expression leading to it results in true.


- Switch case
Used as:
switch(expression)
{
case constant:
statement;
break;
case constant2:
statement2;
break;
default:
statement3;
}

A statement will be run only if the expression is equal to the constant leading to it. If no constant matches the expression, the default statement will be run.


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